What is Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah?
Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah is something that some people may not know. For that, let's try to discuss Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah.
However, our discussion is not a basis or so, but only as a discussion to add insight about Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah.
Definition of Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah
There are several definitions or definitions of Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah that can be known. This understanding consists of two parts, including general and specific definitions.
In a general definition, Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah is defined as a group that is always committed to following the sunnah taught by the Prophet Muhammad. In terms of aqidah, fiqh, and Tasawwuf and morality (nature) also adhere to Thoriqoh to the companions of the Prophet.
Meanwhile, the definition specifically explains that the Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah is a group that has I'tikad or beliefs that are in line with the beliefs of the Asyar'iroh and Maturidiyah Jama'ah.
Basically, the specific definition of Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah or Aswaja is nothing but juz of the general definition.
Let's discuss about Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah more deeply!
In fact, at the time of the Prophet Muhammad, all Muslims were united. In this case, it means that there is no particular grouping or Shia. When there is a problem the friends always come to the apostle. So at that time, there was no division among the apostles' companions.
Then when the apostle died, the divisions between the companions began to appear. This situation also took place when Imam Ali became caliph. Divisions began to occur. However, only on matters of a political nature, not on the unified aqidah, Aqidah Islamiyah.
Several teachings emerged that exacerbated the existing divisions. The Muslims were divided into two parts, namely the Expert Bid'a group, namely the Mu'tazilah, Shia, Khowarij and others.
The other group is the last group and the largest of the other groups. This group is a group consisting of people who stick to what has been believed and done by the Prophet Muhammad and his companions.
The group that follows and believes in what is also believed by the Prophet Muhammad and his companions is called the Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah or Aswaja group. Therefore, the Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah group is a group that follows the sunnahs of the apostles.
Or in other words, Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah is a group that believes in and follows the teachings of Islam as taught by the apostles.
Bid'ah and its Relation to Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah
Syaih Izzuddin ibni Abdis Salam, classifies several new cases (bid'ah) into five things, namely the first is obligatory bid'ah.
This obligatory bid'ah is like studying the sciences of nawu and ghorib lafaz in the Qur'an, hadith, and all disciplines as intermediaries to understand the shari'ah. The second is bid'ah haram. Illegal bid'ah is like the understanding of Qodariah, Jabariah and Mujassimah.
The three sunnah bid'ah. Examples are establishing huts, madrasas, and also good deeds that were not found in ancient times.
The four heresies are makruh. This makruh bid'ah is like decorating the mosque and the Qur'an. And finally the fifth is the heresy. This mubah bid'ah is like Mushofafah or shaking hands after the Fajr and Asr prayers and so on.
The classification of heresy or new cases has a separate or different legal consequence.
The scholars have compiled three criteria in this regard. The first is that the actions that exist and are carried out have a very strong basis in the form of syar'i arguments (partial or juz'i or general).
In this case, the new case is not a heresy, and if there is no evidence that can be used as a backing, then from that it becomes a forbidden heresy.
The second is to pay attention to what are the teachings of the Salaf Ulama, namely scholars in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd centuries Hijriyah. If it has been taught by them or already has a strong legal basis, then the act is not classified as heresy.
Then the third is by taking the Qiyas path. This means that by measuring new actions that occur with existing practices that have a legal basis from the Nash Al-Qur'an and hadith.
When it is identical with the unlawful act, then the new act is an act that is classified as heresy which is forbidden. However, if there is a resemblance to an obligatory act, then the new act can be classified as a new obligatory act. And so on. Therefore, Bid'ah is closely related to Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah.
Examples of Praiseworthy Bid'ah
Some examples of commendable bid'ahs are as follows:
1. The Grave Pilgrimage
First is a grave pilgrimage. It has been agreed by many scholars that visiting the graves of relatives or auliya' is sunnah. There are also several hadiths on which it is based. There is a hadith that states that visiting the grave can remind a person of the afterlife.
2. Tawassul
The second is Tawassul. Linguistically, the word "Tawassul" means an attempt to remind oneself to Allah Ta'ala. Wasilah itself is defined as something made by Allah SWT. As an intermediary to get closer to Allah Ta'ala. And also towards the desired needs.
3. Tawaruk
The third is Tawaruk (seeking blessings). Etymologically blessing can be interpreted as plus. Then barokah is used in the sense of increasing goodness and glory. So blessing is a secret and a gift from Allah Ta'ala with which good deeds will be done.
4. The Fourth Salvation in the commendable Bid'ah is salvation and also prayer for the deceased. In Indonesia itself there are many cultures related to this and it is also seen as a certain ritual.
The most prominent is the culture of the Javanese people. That is like holding a prayer together to pray for a person or relative who has died on the 7th, 40th, and so on after the day the person or relative died.
The problem is when pilgrimages and activities to pray for the dead turn into polytheists. For example, in his prayer asking for people who have died. This is of course a big mistake. Only to Allah Ta'ala we ask and ask, also ask for protection and help.
Indeed, there are many teachings that exist and have sprung up to this day. For that, it is very necessary for us to understand more about Islam more broadly but still hold fast to the Qur'an and hadith. Because these two sources of Islamic law are the most important sources and become guidelines in everyday life.
It is better for us to follow the example of the Prophet Muhammad. And also become Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah, who do not deviate. Thus the article about Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah. May be useful.
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